Electronic Sources in APA Format

Electronic Sources in APA Format Student Resources APA Style and Writing Print How to Reference Electronic Sources in APA Format By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on October 10, 2019 Bernhard Lang / Getty Images More in Student Resources APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips Careers There are a number of special style concerns for referencing electronic sources in APA format. Online documents, journal articles, databases, and message boards all have unique referencing requirements. It is important to note the exact web address on any online source you use. Always keep track of the electronic resources you refer to as you are researching a topic and collecting references. Proper APA Format for Electronic References The following examples can help you prepare your electronic references in proper APA format. Online Documents The basic structure for referencing online documents is very similar to other references but with the addition of a retrieval source. Provide the exact URL for where the document can be found. Author, A. A. (2000). Title of work. Retrieved from source For example: Cherry, K. (2006). Guide to APA format. About Psychology. Retrieved from http://psychology.about.com/od/apastyle/guide Online Journal Article Online journal articles should be cited much like print articles, but they should include additional information about the source location. The basic structure is as follows: Author, A. B., Author, C. D., Author, E. F. (2000). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume number, page numbers. Retrieved from source For example: Jenet, B. L. (2006) A meta-analysis on online social behavior. Journal of Internet Psychology, 4. Retrieved from http://www. journalofinternetpsychology.com/archives/volume4/ 3924.html Article Retrieved from a Database Articles that are retrieved from online databases are formatted like a print reference. According to the sixth edition of the APA style manual, it is not necessary to include database information since these databases tend to change over time. For example: Henriques, J. B., Davidson, R. J. (1991) Left frontal hypoactivation in depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 535-545. Online Newspaper Article When citing an online newspaper article, you should provide the URL of the newspapers home page. The APA suggests doing this in order to avoid the problem of nonworking URLs. For example: Parker-Pope, T. (2011, November 16). Practicing on patients. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com Electronic Version of a Print Book The APA style manual suggests that you should only include electronic book references if the book is only available online or is very difficult to find in print. Your reference will be very similar to a regular print book reference, except the electronic retrieval information takes the place of the publishers location and name. For example: Freud, S. (1922). Totem und Tabu: Einige Ãœbereinstimmungen im Seelenleben der Wilden und der Neurotiker [Kindle version]. Retrieved from http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/37065.kindle.images Online Forums, Discussion Lists, or Newsgroups Messages posted by users on forums, discussion lists, and newsgroups should follow the basic structure for citing an online document. When possible, use the posters real name starting with the last name and followed by a first initial. If this is not possible, list the authors online screen name. You should also include the exact date that the message was posted. For example: Leptkin, J. L. (2006, November 16). Study tips for psychology students [Online forum comment]. Retrieved from http://groups.psychelp.com/forums/messages/48382.html More Tips for Referencing Electronic Sources Emails should not be included in your reference section, although they should be cited in-text.The APA also provides information on the preferred spelling of several electronic terms, including the following:e-maile-journaldatabaseInternetFTPonlineweb A Word From Verywell Getting the hang of APA format can sometimes be a struggle, but it is well worth the investment. Electronic sources require special consideration as the format of your references may be different depending on where you found the information. Utilize this guide as a start, but always be sure to check your work against the guidelines issued in the official APA style manual.

The Persian Empire By Cyrus The Great - 1710 Words

In 6th century BCE the Persian Empire was the main empire dominating most of the Mediterranean Sea. It ran from part of modern Afghanistan and Pakistan in to modern day Turkey and portions of Northern Greece. The Persian Empire was a strict state with powerful kings ruling over the massive empire. The empire ruled over a vast ethnic group and proved to have success in diversity, especially with Jews, whose history have been well documented with the Persian Empire. The beginning of the Persian Empire is accredited to the wise guidance of a man known as Cyrus the Great. Cyrus was a bright and influential Persian king whose approach for expanding the Persian Empire was to conquer nearing lands with the goal of uniting them into one vast empire. With his dexterous guidance and a solid military, Cyrus succeeded in fashioning a massive empire that lasted for more than two hundred years. The strong roots and influences brought to the Persian Empire by Cyrus gave the emperors after him much power, like Darius I, who continued to enlarge the Empire. In the year 550 Cyrus the Great took power over the land of Media. As he began to create a strong government he elected both Median and Persian nobles as civilian officials. After conquering Media’s people states throughout Anatolia soon fell under his reign. He then even conquered lands in the area known as the Fertile Crescent. After this the Persian Empire was enormous. Cyrus implemented a rule of toleration toward all his conqueredShow MoreRelatedComparing Cyrus The Great Of The Persian Empire And Emperor Caesar Essay799 Words   |  4 PagesPaper #2 The Ancient Roman Poet, Virgil, once wrote, â€Å"They can conquer who believe they can.† King Cyrus the Great of the Persian Empire and Emperor Caesar Augustus of the Roman Republic/Empire are leaders whose conviction in their rights to power establish the unwavering support of the people they lead. King Cyrus the Great rises to the throne of an expansive Persian Empire. As King, he brings virtually the entire Near East under his control. In 539, claiming to be under the divine right the BabylonianRead MoreCyrus the Great1669 Words   |  7 PagesCyrus the Great Builds the Persian Empire by Governing With Toleration and Kindness The greatest leaders in history often leave behind some sort of legacy. Cyrus the Great was the founder of the Persian Empire around 500 B.C., which was the largest empire of its time (Cyrus II, the Great). The empire stretched from ancient Iran, and grew to include an area reaching from Greece to India (Persian Empire). Cyrus’ reign saw some of the first contacts between Persia and Greece, and helped Persia gainRead MoreThe Major Development Of The Persian Empire1695 Words   |  7 PagesThe Persian Empire originated as a result of the great king known as Cyrus who united the Mediterranean and Asia Minor into one United Kingdom. Many of Cyrus’ qualities as a leader led to the Persians unspoken success in expanding their civilization into the largest and most powerful empire the world had ever seen. His campaign inspired the Persians to develop their nation by making expeditions through Media, Babylonia, Lydia, and Egypt. These four provinces had a major affect on Cyr us’ vision ofRead MoreDuring The Iron Age Between 590-529 B.c1415 Words   |  6 PagesAge between 590-529 B.C.E., the Assyrian Empire was taking its final footsteps, and breaking down into smaller regional powers, the Egyptians, the Medes, the Lydians, and the New Babylonians (Making Europe 51). Along with these new regional powers, was the kingdom of Persia, which was established around 700 B.C.E., and for the first 150 years of the Persian Kingdom, the Persian Kings were vassals of the Medes (Making Europe 53). In 553 B.C.E., the Persians began to revolt against the Medes and finallyRead MoreThe Rise And Development Of Ancient Persia1259 Words   |  6 PagesAchaemenid Empire is known to be one of the greatest empires in ancient history. It was viewed as the first â€Å"humane, equal and religiously tolerant empire.† It was made up of several different languages, races, religions and cultures. The empire would become large enough to stretch through three continent s. The rise and development of Persia revolved around the rule of Cyrus the Great and Darius the Great. Cyrus was a military and political genius that would go on to rule the largest empire in the ancientRead MoreThe World Of Ancient Persia1442 Words   |  6 Pagesthat we now call Iran was the center of the largest empire in the world. The kings of Ancient Persia( such as Cyrus the Great) were the leaders of a great civilization that made amazing advances in laws, goverment and communication. Founded in 550 B.C by King Cyrus the Great, the Persian Empire spanned from Egypt in the west to Turkey in the north, and through Mesopotamia to the Indus River in the east. Unlike most empires at that time, the Persian kings were benovelent rulers, and allowed a diverseRead MoreComparing The Achaemenid Empire And The Imperial Stability And Prosperity Were Cyrus And Darius1638 Words   |  7 Pagesprosperity of modern civilization can certainly be accredited to the Achaemenid Empire, a plura listic empire founded in 550 BCE. At its peak, it stretched from the Indus River Valley to the eastern Mediterranean coast. Despite its diversity, the empire remained politically and societally united throughout its existence. The two major Achaemenid emperors responsible for the imperial stability and prosperity were Cyrus and Darius. Due to their unorthodox yet excellent governance, several geographicallyRead MoreCyrus the Great Essay1105 Words   |  5 PagesBrice Woodard HIST 1110 February 7, 2012 Cyrus II of Persia, also known as Cyrus the Great, was one of the most influential and powerful rulers in the Ancient World. ¹ By overthrowing the Assyrian empire, he was able to start the Persian Empire. Through his superior diplomacy skills within his empire, to his genius war tactics, he built the foundation for a line of Persian Kings to rule one of the largest empires in world history. Cyrus the Great’s(C. 600-530 BCE) expansion started in PersiaRead MoreCyrus The Great s Personal Life1258 Words   |  6 PagesCyrus the Great, or ‘Kourosh-e-Bozorg’ in Persian, was the founder of the Archaemenid Empire (also known as the Persian Empire). Within his 29 years of Kingship, he had managed to create a legacy that lasts to this day through his military campaigns against several empires, conquering the lands from present day Turkey to India, and ruling with religious tolerance. This assignment will discuss Cyrus the Great’s personal life as well as describe his actions that have founded the basic principles andRead MoreThe Formation of Achaemenid Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pagescultures in the world. Iran history life began as early as 4000 B.C, when the Iranian plateau was occupied by people with variety of cultures. Persiasfirst growth began in the Neolitic era, and by the third millennium, under Cyrus the great , it became one of the world gr eatest empires. Before the formation of Persia, the region was occupied by a group of people by the name Elam. The Elamite civilization first developed in the Susian plain, under the influence of nearby Sumeria and Mesopotamia

Lowering Drinking Age Essay - 1090 Words

Society normally views teenagers as rebellious kids with an impulse to live new experiences. These experiences range from going to their first party to having their first alcoholic drink, and are sometimes as drastic as trying their first drug. Drinking alcoholic beverages is something that involves a lot of responsibility and can bring a plethora of negative consequences. This is the main reason why the United States has established a legal drinking age that I consider to be relatively high. With the legal drinking age being so high, while intending to avoid harmful situations, brings many repercussions that are equally as harmful. By human nature, whatever is prohibited to us is what we want the most. Teenagers are denied drinking and†¦show more content†¦Of course, alcoholic beverages are offered there and as a consequence, entrance is denied to those less than twenty-one years old. Most people would assume that this dismisses the opportunity for college students to illeg ally drink alcohol. However, this only makes it less apparent. Students are becoming increasingly involved with Greek life and attend what they call frat parties where beer is offered to anyone, regardless of their age. A CBS News report with words from former Middlebury College president John McCardell stated that It hasnt reduced or eliminated drinking. It has simply driven it underground, behind closed doors, into the most risky and least manageable of settings. College students in fraternity parties are known for getting extremely drunk, sometimes to the point of intoxication. This is partly due to the fact that drinking is something new for college students in the United States. These students are without parental supervision for probably the first time in their lives and they take extreme advantage of it. This leads to excessive consumptions of alcohol that are harmful to the teenagers. If the legal drinking age would be lowered to eighteen, teenagers would be able to experien ce these things at younger ages and with their parents or guardians within a reachable distance. Whenever a teenager is intoxicated, other people are afraid of seeking medical attention for the person because of the legal consequences it mightShow MoreRelatedLowering the Drinking Age1523 Words   |  7 Pages According to Andrew Herman, â€Å"Each year, 14,000 die from drinking too much. 600,000 are victims of alcohol related physical assault and 17,000 are a result of drunken driving deaths, many being innocent bystanders† (470). These massive numbers bring about an important realization: alcohol is a huge issue in America today. Although the problem is evident in Americans of all ages, the biggest issue is present in young adults and teens. In fact, teens begin to feel the effects of alcohol twice asRead MoreNot Lowering The Drinking Age989 Words   |  4 PagesNot Lowering the Drinking Age There are many different views on drinking alcohol, especially underage drinking. Everyone has different views on the drinking age. Some think it should be lowered and others believe that it should be raised. Then some believe that it should remain the same at the age of twenty-one years old. Keeping the alcohol consumption age at twenty-one limits the dangers of not only those under twenty-one, but other people in the community. Lowering the drinking age will causeRead MoreLowering the Drinking Age1223 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"What we’re doing now to prevent underage drinking isn’t working; it’s time to try something else.† Although many people argue that the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1964, which lowed the drinking age from eighteen to twenty one, was a good idea. David J Hanson a professor in the State University of New York believed that something needs to be done to make the United States a safer place to live. Is it fair that people in the United States can serve in the military, vote in elections, serveRead MoreLowering The Legal Drinking Age857 Words   |  4 PagesAs we know, the United States has the highest drinking age in the world. By 1988 the entire U.S had adopted the Federal Uniform Drinking Age Act, which set the drinking age to twenty-one. However, in 1920 the United States banned the sale, production, importation, and transportation of alcohol. This era known as the Prohibition sparked the popularity of hidden underground bars and events. The Prohibition Era is a prime example of how people did anything to intake alcohol and eventually this ledRead MoreLowering The Alcohol Drinking Age1602 Words   |  7 Pages Lowering The Alcohol Drinking Age Now a day’s teens that are under the age of twenty-one are out in trouble and drinking. They know that they are not old enough to drink and that is what makes them want to drink even more. Teens drink when they are not suppose to, but they know that when they drink, they must stay out of trouble. Lowering the alcohol drinking age will keep a bunch of teens out of trouble. If teens can stay safe while drinking then they should allow eighteen year olds to drinkRead MoreLowering The Drinking Age Act Essay2580 Words   |  11 PagesLowering drinking age California Passed the drinking age act in 1984 for all consumers of alcohol had to be 21 years of age to buy and consume. Was this a good idea? Is this making young teens stay away from alcohol, and making our cities safe? Age limit should be lowered to 18 years of age because there should be no reason why try to keep teens away from something that they are going to get one way or another. Many teens get alcohol from older siblings, seeing parents, and being influenced by otherRead MoreLowering The Drinking Age Of The Age981 Words   |  4 PagesHowever, there are those who remain persistent in their requests to drop the drinking age to a slightly lower option. Opposition to the legal drinking age of twenty-one has shown to have some support from mostly younger groups of people, without much validation as to why a lowered drinking age would be beneficial to our country as a whole. Yet, there are still some interesting arguments for those in favor of dropping the age at which it is l egal to drink to eighteen. Consider how many young adults chooseRead MoreThe Argument For Lowering The Drinking Age Essay2153 Words   |  9 PagesAlcohol has been a large part of society for many years. Currently out of the 190 countries in the world, 61% of them have drinking ages of 18 or 19. While 12 other countries have their drinking ages set at 21. In those 12 countries is the United States, who after 1984 raised their national minimum drinking age when Congress passed the Minimum Drinking Age Act. The drinking age in recent years has became a topic of controversy with people arguing that it showed be lowered back to 18 or 19. TheirRead MoreEssay on Lowering the Drinking Age 1011 Words   |  5 Pagesare facing the consequences of irresponsible drinking. Because of the issues caused by irresponsible drinking, the US government passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984 which raised the minimum drinking age to twenty-one to prevent drinking-related accidents and violence. Despite the int ent of its passing, it was a counterproductive decision. Because of the higher age restriction, high school upperclassmen and college underclassmen see drinking as an exciting, rebellious act. ConsequentiallyRead MoreLowering The Legal Drinking Age1933 Words   |  8 PagesLowering of the Legal Drinking Age Research Paper Adults under 21 are able to vote, sign contracts, serve on juries, and enlist in the military, but are told that they are not mature enough to have a beer?, said Ruth C. Engs, a professor of Applied Health Sciences at Indiana University (Engs). No matter what is done, teenagers and young adults all over America are going to drink if they want to. The question is, why can t they start legally drinking when they enter adulthood? An alternative to

Working Conditions in Factories Free Essays

The working conditions that factory workers and plantation slaves undergo, no doubt, are harsh. They seem like very different occupations, but in some ways they are the same. They both have inhumane working conditions and long workdays. We will write a custom essay sample on Working Conditions in Factories or any similar topic only for you Order Now Is it possible that one is worse than the other? The answer is yes. The factory system was worse to work under. Working conditions in a factory was dangerous, especially if it was a cotton factory. For work to be done in a cotton factory, the workplace had to be hot. Machinery was not always fenced off, so the workers were exposed to moving parts.If someone was not careful enough, they could end up getting seriously injured or even die. It was common for the workers to work twelve hour workdays. Working a long day in the conditions of a factory was physically exhausting, which made working in a factory even more dangerous. Anyone who worked in a factory did not really get to spend any time with family. They would work all day, and when they got home they ate dinner and went to bed. If dinner was not ready yet, they would sleep as dinner was being prepared. They had to get as much sleep as possible before they had to start another long day at work.Sometimes children were bonded to a master in a factory, which means that the child lives and works at the factory and their parents get paid. In the United States today, child labor is illegal. Back during the Industrial Revolution, that was normal. Children would work in the textile mills. Not only were they forced to work in a mill, they were treated very poorly. The children dare not be late for work in the morning, or they would suffer beatings by their masters. They were forced out of bed to go to the mill at five in the morning, and worked until ten at night.When they children got tired and tried to fall asleep on the job, the overseer would take that child by the legs and dip their head in water. They were sent back to their work dripping wet without being able to dry off. They did not get much to eat either. They only had a half an hour for dinner and lunch. Plantation slavery and working in a factory are horrible systems to work under. They both have different benefits and downfalls. When it comes down to it, working in a factory is worse. The plantation slaves had many opportunities when they were released. Plantation slaves also were not always treated poorly, either. How to cite Working Conditions in Factories, Papers

Overcoming Content Shock

Consistently producing engaging content is a core element of most marketing strategies, but will it be sustainable over the long term?According to some digital marketing experts, the glut of content online might be weakening the power of inbound marketing efforts. Social media expert Mark Schaefer labeled this phenomenon â€Å"content shock† and the concerns he raised have caused quite a bit of discussion. What Is Content Shock? Content shock is the idea that the amount of content people are able to consume has more or less peaked while the amount of content being produced keeps growing rapidly. Schaefer’s theory suggests that once we are at a certain level of saturation, publishing new content will be almost pointless. However, it’s important not to confuse the idea of content shock with information overload.More information is usually a good thing and tends to help create better content that rises to the top.Content shock refers more specifically to saturation, or density, of content in a particular niche or industry more than the actual amount. More and More Content Just how much content is being produced?According to one study, over 4.6 billion pieces are created each day. Another analysis estimates that the amount of information available online doubles every two years. Looking at these numbers, it’s easy to see that having high quality content and a good strategy to reach your audience is essential. Making Your Content Stand Out in the Crowd While content saturation might make it more challenging to get results from your efforts, it definitely does not mean you should give up.Here are two strategies that can help you beat content shock: Persona-driven content A lot of content is fairly generic, written to reach the widest possible audience.The problem with this is that it ends up not being particularly useful to anyone.But you can avoid this pitfall by crafting content that’s based on targeted customer personas. Social media optimization (SMO) The idea of SMO has been around for quite some time, but it gained significant traction after the release of Google’s Hummingbird algorithm change.Since Hummingbird utilizes social sharing to help determine ranking, it is more important than ever to optimize your content for social media.SMO tactics can include: Adding social share buttons to your blog Asking for shares, likes or comments Using eye-catching images in your social media content Building relationships with influencers Content Marketing is Not Dead! Although the heyday of content marketing isn’t over, content shock has raised the bar for marketers. With more and more content being produced these days, the challenge of getting your audience’s attention is even harder. But, there are still powerful ways to stand out. Most importantly, make sure your content is as personalized as possible for your customers.

Free Essays on Japanese Business Etiquette

Boye De Mente’s article â€Å"Japanese Etiquette and Ethics in Business† states how the business world of Japan is and also gives some comparison between Japanese and Western business rituals. Some of the things that Mente describes are the hiring systems, the role that women play in the business world, the role of employees, and the role that entertainment plays in the business industry. Mente concludes his article by giving some examples of what the western should and should not do when conducting business in Japan. I did not expect some of the things that I learned about the Japanese business industry. I had always assumed that the Japanese would have a very formal business world, because I was taught that they had a very formal educational system. I did not expect so much of the business industry to be based on relationships. I was also a bit surprised by the openness of some of the entertainment customs, like that of the offering of a young women to a business associate. Also the role that alcohol plays surprised me. I found it interesting that it is looked down upon in Japan if one does not drink oneself to a drunken state, because in most Western business industries, it is looked down upon to drink oneself to drunkenness at a business event. It was these social aspects of the Japanese business world that surprised me the most. I found it very interesting to learn about the company system of shu-shin koyo. I had never heard of a company hiring an employee for â€Å"lifetime employment.† Part of me thinks that this way of hiring employees is not very fair. If in order to obtain a job, you must be hired right out of school, what happens to those that did not do so well earlier in life, but eventually realized their ability? When I think about what I have learned about the Japanese culture, I have heard that in Japan most do not â€Å"go back to school† later in life, so this system of â€Å"hiring for life† definitely ... Free Essays on Japanese Business Etiquette Free Essays on Japanese Business Etiquette Boye De Mente’s article â€Å"Japanese Etiquette and Ethics in Business† states how the business world of Japan is and also gives some comparison between Japanese and Western business rituals. Some of the things that Mente describes are the hiring systems, the role that women play in the business world, the role of employees, and the role that entertainment plays in the business industry. Mente concludes his article by giving some examples of what the western should and should not do when conducting business in Japan. I did not expect some of the things that I learned about the Japanese business industry. I had always assumed that the Japanese would have a very formal business world, because I was taught that they had a very formal educational system. I did not expect so much of the business industry to be based on relationships. I was also a bit surprised by the openness of some of the entertainment customs, like that of the offering of a young women to a business associate. Also the role that alcohol plays surprised me. I found it interesting that it is looked down upon in Japan if one does not drink oneself to a drunken state, because in most Western business industries, it is looked down upon to drink oneself to drunkenness at a business event. It was these social aspects of the Japanese business world that surprised me the most. I found it very interesting to learn about the company system of shu-shin koyo. I had never heard of a company hiring an employee for â€Å"lifetime employment.† Part of me thinks that this way of hiring employees is not very fair. If in order to obtain a job, you must be hired right out of school, what happens to those that did not do so well earlier in life, but eventually realized their ability? When I think about what I have learned about the Japanese culture, I have heard that in Japan most do not â€Å"go back to school† later in life, so this system of â€Å"hiring for life† definitely ...

German Christmas Pickle Tradition

German Christmas Pickle Tradition Look closely at a decorated Christmas tree and you might see a pickle-shaped ornament hidden deep within the evergreen branches. According to German folklore, whoever finds the pickle on Christmas morning will have good luck for the following year. At least, thats the story most people know. But the truth behind the pickle ornament (also called a  saure  gurke or Weihnachtsgurke) is a little more complicated. Origins of the Pickle Ask a German about the custom of  Weihnachtsgurke and you may get a blank look because in Germany, there is no such tradition. In fact, a survey conducted in 2016 revealed more than 90 percent of Germans asked had never heard of the Christmas pickle. So how did this supposedly German tradition come to be celebrated in the U.S.? The Civil War Connection Much of the evidence for the historical origins of the Christmas pickle is anecdotal in nature. One popular explanation links the tradition to a German-born Union soldier named John Lower who was captured and imprisoned at the notorious Confederate prison in Andersonville, Georgia. The soldier, in ill health and hungry, begged his captors for food. A guard, taking pity on the man, gave him a pickle. Lower survived his captivity and after the war began the tradition of hiding a pickle in his Christmas tree in remembrance of his ordeal. However, this story cannot be authenticated. The Woolworths Version The holiday tradition of decorating a Christmas tree did not become commonplace until the last decades of the 19th century. Indeed, observing Christmas as a holiday was not widespread until the Civil War. Prior to that, celebrating the day was largely confined to wealthier English and German immigrants, who observed customs from their native lands. But during and after the Civil War, as the nation expanded and once-isolated communities of Americans began mixing more frequently, observing Christmas as a time of remembrance, family, and faith became more common. In the 1880s, F.W. Woolworths, a pioneer in merchandising and the forerunner of todays large drugstore chains, began selling Christmas ornaments, some of which were imported from Germany. Its possible that pickle-shaped ornaments were among those sold, as youll see in the following story. The German Link There is a tenuous German connection to the glass pickle ornament.  As early as 1597, the small town of Lauscha, now in the German state of Thuringia, was known for its glass-blowing industry. The small industry of glass-blowers produced drinking glasses and glass containers. In 1847 a few of the Lauscha craftsmen began producing glass ornaments (Glasschmuck) in the shape of fruits and nuts. These  were made in a unique hand-blown process combined with molds (formgeblasener Christbaumschmuck), allowing the ornaments to be produced in large quantities. Soon these unique Christmas ornaments were being exported to other parts of Europe, as well as England and the United States of America. Today, a number of glass makers in Lauscha and elsewhere in Germany sell pickle-shaped ornaments.